异端，“成功神学”立场、时代论背景

Ralph Browne "Chip" Ingram II (born June 21, 1954)[2] is an American Christian pastor, author, and teacher. He is the founder, teaching pastor, and chief executive officer of Living on the Edge, an international teaching and discipleship ministry. A pastor for over 30 years, Chip is the author of many books, including Culture Shock, The Real Heaven, The Real God, The Invisible War, and Love, Sex, and Lasting Relationships.

Education
Ingram completed his undergraduate work at West Liberty State College, and went on to earn a Master of Education from West Virginia University and a Master of Theology from Dallas Theological Seminary.